Molarity & Dilution Calculator

Molarity, molality, normality and dilutions, with the working shown.

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Molarity & Dilution Calculator

Molarity, molality, normality and C1V1 = C2V2

Solute

Mass of solute

Mass unit

Molar mass (g/mol)

NaCl 58.44, NaOH 40.00, HCl 36.46, H2SO4 98.08, glucose 180.16.

Equivalents per mole (n-factor)

H+ or OH− per formula unit: 1 for HCl, 2 for H2SO4. Used for normality.

Solution

Volume of solution

Volume unit

Mass of solvent in grams (optional)

Add this to see molality. Water: 1 mL is about 1 g.

Molarity0.1 M

Moles of solute0.1 mol

Normality0.1 N

How it works

Molarity is moles of solute per litre of solution. Molality is moles per kilogram of solvent and does not change with temperature. Normality is molarity times the number of reacting equivalents. A dilution keeps the amount of solute the same: C1 × V1 = C2 × V2.

Moles = mass ÷ molar mass = 5.844 g ÷ 58.44 = 0.1 mol.
Molarity = moles ÷ litres of solution = 0.1 ÷ 1 = 0.1 M.
Normality = molarity × n-factor = 0.1 × 1 = 0.1 N.

Find molar mass on the bottle label or in the Periodic Table tool.
For acids and bases, normality = molarity × H+ or OH− per formula unit.
Always add acid to water, never water to acid.
Top up to the final volume in a volumetric flask for accuracy.

Standard definitions: M = n ÷ V(L); m = n ÷ mass of solvent (kg); N = M × n-factor; C1V1 = C2V2. Mass, volume and concentration are converted to g, L and mol/L internally.

Preparing tool

How to use Molarity & Dilution Calculator

Pick Molarity, Make a solution or Dilution at the top.
Enter the amounts and choose units such as g, mg, mL or mM.
Read the result and the working, then copy it or share the link.

Read the detailed guide →

What are the limits of Molarity & Dilution Calculator?

Treats the solution volume as given and ignores temperature and non-ideal mixing, so volumes of strong acids or ethanol mixtures may differ slightly in practice. You supply the molar mass. Check lab safety rules before mixing. Nothing you enter leaves your device.